Why Violence Has Declined: A Comprehensive Analysis of the Causes and Implications

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The Better Angels of Our Nature: Why Violence Has Declined

by Steven Pinker

4.5 out of 5

Language	:	English
File size	:	9728 KB
Text-to-Speech	:	Enabled
Screen Reader	:	Supported
Enhanced typesetting	:	Enabled
X-Ray	:	Enabled
Word Wise	:	Enabled
Print length	:	844 pages

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Violence has been a pervasive feature of human history, from the earliest hominid societies to the modern world. However, over the past few centuries, there has been a significant decline in violence, both in terms of its prevalence and severity.

This decline has been observed across all regions of the world and in a wide range of societies, from hunter-gatherer communities to modern nation-states. It is one of the most important and underappreciated developments in human history, with profound implications for our understanding of human nature and the future of our species.

Causes of the Decline in Violence

The decline in violence is a complex phenomenon with multiple causes. Some of the most important factors include:

1. Human Intelligence: Over the past few hundred thousand years, human intelligence has increased significantly. This has led to a number of developments that have contributed to the decline in violence, including the development of language, writing, and complex social structures.
2. Norms and Values: The norms and values of societies have also changed over time, becoming more pacifistic and less tolerant of violence. This is due in part to the influence of religions such as Buddhism and Christianity, which emphasize non-violence and compassion.
3. Institutions: The development of strong institutions, such as the state and the legal system, has also contributed to the decline in violence. These institutions provide a framework for resolving conflicts peacefully and deterring potential aggressors.

Implications of the Decline in Violence

The decline in violence has had a number of positive implications for human societies, including:

1. Increased Life Expectancy: One of the most obvious effects of the decline in violence has been an increase in life expectancy. In the early 19th century, the average life expectancy in Europe was around 40 years. Today, it is over 80 years. This increase is due in large part to the reduction in violence, which has led to fewer deaths from war, homicide, and other forms of violence.
2. Improved Quality of Life: The decline in violence has also led to an improved quality of life for many people. People are less likely to be victims of violence, and they are more likely to feel safe and secure in their communities.
3. Increased Economic Growth: Violence can be a major obstacle to economic growth. It can damage infrastructure, disrupt trade, and reduce investment. The decline in violence has helped to create a more favorable environment for economic growth, which has led to increased prosperity for many countries.

The decline in violence is one of the most important and underappreciated developments in human history. It has had a profound impact on our lives, making us safer, healthier, and more prosperous. As we continue to learn more about the causes and implications of the decline in violence, we can develop better strategies for reducing violence and creating a more peaceful world.

The Better Angels of Our Nature: Why Violence Has Declined

by Steven Pinker

4.5 out of 5

Language	:	English
File size	:	9728 KB
Text-to-Speech	:	Enabled
Screen Reader	:	Supported
Enhanced typesetting	:	Enabled
X-Ray	:	Enabled
Word Wise	:	Enabled
Print length	:	844 pages

FREE